Internal-combustion engine



May 21, 1946 c SCHWARTZ 2,400,575

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July 7, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet l Ear/ K Schwarfz y 21, 1945' c. K. SCHWARTZ 2,400,575

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July 7, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Car! K. Echwfirfz y 21, 1946- 1 c. K. SCHWARTZ 4 ,57

INTERNAL- COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed July '7, 1943 s Sheets-Sheet 5 557"] K. Ec/warfz aww' Patented May 21, 1946 2,400,575 INTERNAL COh/IBUSTION ENGINE Cari K. Schwartz, Elkhart Lake, Wls., asslgnor of one-half to Ira Milton .7 ones, River Hills, Wis.

Application July 7, 1943, Serial No. 493,741

Claims.

Another object of this invention is to provide a simple manner of obtaining forced feed lubrication for the engine. In this connection it is more specifically an object of this invention to utilize the timing gears as a gear pump to provide a. pressure source for the lubricating system.

Another object of this invention resides in the provision of a governor for the engine responsive to the pressure of the oil in its lubricating, system.

Another object of this invention is to provide a simplified manner of actuating the valves of the engine with a view particularly to the elimination of parts by having but a single cam shaft with valve tappets arranged at opposite sides of the crank shaft and cam followers riding on the cam to lift the tappets.

Another object of this invention is to provide added rigidity for the crank shaft through the provision of an auxiliary crank shaft bearing which extends close to that side of the crank removed a substantial distance from the crank case cover.

With the above and other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, this invention resides in the novel construction. combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinafter described, and more particularly defined by the appended claims, it being understood that such changes in the precise embodiment of the hereindisclosed invention may be made as come within the scope of the claims.

The accompanying drawings illustrate one complete example of the physical embodiment of the invention constructed in accordance with the best mode so far devised for the practical application of the principles thereof, and in which:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation with parts broken away and in section, illustrating an ene embodying this invention;

Figure 2 is a detail sectional view taken through Figure l on the plane of the line 2-2, said view showing the timing gears which operate in a gear chamber formed in the crank case cover; I

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but with the cover plate for the gear chamber in place;

Figure 4 is a detail sectional view taken through Figure ion the plane of the line d-J looking into the crank case and illustrating particularly the manner in which the cam, cam followers, and valve tappets are corelated;

Figure 5 is a detail sectional view taken through Figure 1 on the plane of the line 5-5 and illustrating particularly the manner in which the throttle valve of the engine'is controlled by oil pressure;

Figure 6 is a detail sectional view taken through Figure 4 on the plane of the line 6-6 to illustrate the manner in which the cam followers are mounted and corelatecl to the cams;

and

Figure 7 is a perspective view diagrammatically illustrating the forced feed lubricating system.

Referring now particularly to the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals indicate like parts, 'the numeral 5 designate the crank case of a single cylinder, four cycle gasoline engine which, as is customary, is formed as a cast ing and has an air cooled cylinder 6 cast integrally therewith.

The open side of the crank case is closed by a removable cover 7 provided with a crank shaft bearing 8 in line with a similar bearing 9 in the opposite wall of the crank case. Journalled in these bearings is the customary crank shaft ill with its crank ll spaced a substantial distance in from the cover and close to the bearing 9.

A. connecting rod l2 between the crank and the piston I3 operates in the customary manner, and also as is customary in engines of thi type, the'cover l mounts the stationary instrumentalities of a flywheel magneto the rotating parts of which are carried by the flywheel M.

The inner face of the cover I has a gear chamber I5 formed therein and comprising an upper portion i6 concentric with the crank shaft and a lower portion I! concentric with a cam shaft I8. The timing gears consisting of a pinion i9 fixed to the crank shaft and a gear 28 on the cam shaft I8 operate in this gear chamber.

The depth of the gear chamber I5 is substantially no greater than the width of the gear teeth and its arcuate side walls lie close to the gear teeth. Hence, with the open face of the gear chamber closed by a cover plate 2! the pinion and gearoperating in the chamber constitute a gear pump for pumping oil from the crank case to the bearings airi other parts of the engine to be lubricated.

The low pressure zone 22 of the gearchamber is supplied with lubricant from the crank case byia supply pipe 23 leading from the lower portion of the crank case to a port 24 in a cam housing 25 (to be later described) and the partition wall 2i. The high pressure zone 26 of the gear From this bearing 29 an oil duct 30 leads to the connecting rod bearing and a duct 3i extending through the connecting rod provides for forced lubrication of the wrist pin.

Excess oil supplied to the bearing 8 is drained back into the low pressure side of the gear chamber through a duct 32. g

The cover plate 2] is held in place as a partition wall between the crank case cover 1 and the cam housing 25 secured to the inner face of the cover l'by' cap i'screws 33. The hub of the gear 20 passes through the partition wall formed bythe plate 2! into the interior of the cam housing to have a cam 34 secured thereon; and the shaft it upon which the gear is mounted projects beyondthe hub of the gear to enter a pilot bearing in the cam housing.

At opposite sides of the median plane of the engine which bisects the cam housing and the gear chamber, cam followers 35 are pivotally mounted on fixed studs 36. These cam followers ride on the cam and have valve tappets 31 resting thereon. The valve tappets are guided for vertical reciprocation at opposite sides of the crank shaitin line with the valves of the engine to operate the same in the customary manner.

While a single cam may be employed to operate both valves, it is preferable to have each valve operated-by its own individual cam and to this end the cam is divided into two sections and the Oil under pressure is also taken from the high pressure zone through a port 39 and a duct 40 to a cylinder ll formed in one wall of the crank case. Slidable in this cylinder is a piston 42 the upper end of which is connected through linkage 43 with the butterfly valve M of the carburetor. In this manner, by. controlling the weight of the crankcase wall; a crank shaft journalled in said bearings; means on the inner face of the cover defining a hollow chamber which opens to the interior of the crankcase; a detachable closure for the open side of said hollow chamber; a cam shaft in the hollow chamber; bearings in said cover and the closure, in which "the cam shaft is journalled; means within the hollow chamber providing a driving connection between the inner one of said two bearings; means on the cover defining a hollow chamber in line with and communicating with the space between said two bearings; and valve actuating means including tappets which enter the hollow chamber, a pinion on the crank shaft in the space between said bearings, and means within the hollow chamber driven by the pinion for reciprocating the tappets.

3. In a single cylinder internalcombustion engine having a crankcase and a crank shaft: a cover providing one side wall of the crankcase; a bearing in the cover for rotatably journalling the crank shaft therein; means on the inside of the cover providing substantially closed side by side chambers between the cover and the crank;-

a rotatable cam shaft having portions thereof in each of said chambers, said cam shaft being sub stantially parallel to the crank shaft axis but cooperating meshing gears in one of said chambers to drivingly connect said shafts; a pair of tappets strad- I gine:- a crankcase having two opposite outside piston 42 or its resistance to being lifted by oil pressure in the cylinder H, it is possible to regulate the engine speed from the pressure of the oil developed. I

From'the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. it will be readily apparent to those skilled in thevart that this invention provides an internal combustion engine of the single cylinder. four cycle type whichhasmany advantages over similar engines heretofore available. v

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In an internal combustion engine: a crankcase; a cover closing one side of the crankcase:

aligned bearings on the cover andthe opposite side walls; acrank shaft; a crank shaft bearing carried by each of said two opposite outside side walls in which the crank shaft is journalled; means carried by one of said two outside side walls defining a hollow chamber within the crank case adjacent to the crank shaft bearing on said designated wall and extending beneath the crank shaft axis; valve tappets, one at each side of the crank shaft axis with their lower ends disposed within the hollow chamber; guide bearings on said designated side wall in which the tappets reciprocate; and means in the hollow chamber beneath the crank shaft axis and driven fromthe crank shaft for effecting lifting of the tappets.

in timed relation to rotationof the crank shaft.

5. In a single cylinder internalcombustion engine: a crankcase having two opposite outside side walls; a crank shaft; a crank shaft bearing ing a hollow chamber which extends beneath the crank shaft bearing on said designated wall;

valve tappets at opposite sides of said designated crank shaft bearing with their lower ends disposed within the hollow chamber; guide bearings on said designated side wall in which the tappets reciprocate; a cam shaft in said hollow chamber;

bearings in opposite walls oi. the hollow chamber in which the cam shaft is Journalied for rotation on an axis parallel to and spaced a substantial distance below the designated crank shaft hearing; drive means in said hollow chamber for drivlngly connecting the cam shaft with the crank shaft; and means in the hollow chamber including cams on the cam shaft located below the designated crank shaft bearing for eilfecting lifting of the tappets in timed relation to rotation of the crank shaft.

' CARL K. SCHWARTZ. 

